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Choosing the right concrete mix is essential to ensure the proper strength for your project while keeping costs as low as possible. In the Philippines, where extreme heat and heavy rainfall are common, your concrete must be strong and durable. Below, we break down the different types of concrete mixes and their uses to help you choose the best one for your next project.

 

What is a Concrete Mix Ratio?

A concrete mix ratio is the proportion of cement, sand, and/or gravel and water used to form concrete. The ratio determines the concrete's strength, malleability, and durability. 

These are often expressed in number ratios, like 1:2:4, representing 1 part cement, 2 parts sand, and 4 parts gravel.

 

 

The right ratio all depends on the specific usage of the concrete being used. For example, a simple walkway requires a different mixture compared to a load-bearing column. Utilizing the wrong mix can lead to weak concrete that cracks, crumbles, or deteriorates faster.

 

 

What is the Standard Concrete Mix Ratio?

 

The common standard mix, for the general construction in the Philippines, is 1:2:4. This is typically used for foundation and floor slabs in residential buildings. The numbers represent:

·   1 part cement

·   2 parts sand

·   4 parts gravel

For lighter-duty pathways and non-load-bearing walls, you might use a ratio of 1:3:6. For high-strength concrete, such as reinforced beams, you might utilize 1:1.5:3.

 

Concrete Mix Ratio Table

 

Note: These are approximate guidelines. Follow local building codes or consult with a civil engineer, especially for larger structures like buildings. Environmental factors such as weather, humidity, soil structure, and seismic activity might require different mixes.

Here is a basic overview of concrete mix ratios:

 

How to Calculate Concrete Mix Ratio

 

To calculate a concrete mix, determine the total parts in your ratio. For example, in a 1:2:4 mix, the total is 1+2+4 = 7 parts.

Let’s say you need to make 1 cubic meter of concrete:

1. Divide 1 cubic meter by 7 = 0.143 cubic meters per part

2. Cement = 0.143 × 1 = 0.143 m³

3. Sand = 0.143 × 2 = 0.286 m³

4. Gravel = 0.143 × 4 = 0.572 m³

You can then convert these volumes into kilograms or bags, depending on your supplier's packaging. In the Philippines, a 40kg bag of cement is standard, so you can estimate how many bags you'll need based on your total cement volume.

 

How to Mix Concrete

 

Concrete can be mixed manually or with a concrete mixer, depending on the scale of your project.

Manual Mixing Steps:

1. Prepare a clean, flat surface (or use a wheelbarrow).

2. Measure your materials according to your desired mix ratio.

3. Dry mix the dry ingredients together until evenly distributed.

4. Slowly add water and mix until you reach a workable consistency. The typical water-to-cement ratio (w/c) is 0.4–0.6 by weight.

5. Apply immediately after mixing, then remember to cure the concrete as it sets. In hot climates like the Philippines, where concrete can harden in just 30 minutes, curing is essential to maintain strength and prevent cracking. 

 

Professional Tips

·   Always use clean water. 

·   Mix in small batches.

·   Wear appropriate safety wear. Gloves and a mask to avoid cement dust

 

Our concrete and Cement Brands

Mackun Hardware provides top-quality brands, including:

·   Republic

·   Holcim

·   Stallion

·   Mabuhay

·   Conch

·   Century Peak

You can browse our different types and brands here.

Final Thoughts

Match your projects or tasks at hand with the suggested mix ratios and follow the proper mixing methods. The right mix can ensure that your structure will be as strong as it can be, able to withstand the Philippine environment for years to come. If you're still unsure what mix to use, don't be afraid to consult a local engineer or contractor.

We hope the guide has been of great help and taught you how to decide what concrete mix ratio to use for your projects. If you need more assistance, our team at Mackun Hardware is always ready to help.

 

Check out our assortment of cement products and the tools needed for mixing concrete here.

For inquiries and orders you may visit or contact us:

Address: RW Building, Sergio Osmeña Street Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental 9000

Contact No. : +63 956 037 2805